School Size And Achievement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

School Size And Achievement - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the type of schools that students attend have been found to impact on the achievements that they get despite importance in potential. In the examination of the impact, there is the use of cross sectional data to bring the issue. There has been the finding that the relationship that occurs between one that attends middle or junior or junior high schools and the performance of the students. The study that was conducted could not well allow the conclusion whether the difference was due to the difference in the grade level configuration in characteristics across different characteristic and configuration .The studies that were conducted were focused on the non-academic outcomes such as self-esteem, school safety and suspension. The main aim of the study is that it discovers the subject of middle and junior high schools in a Canadian context. In addition, the paper uses longitudinal data from an entire province versus a single city. This is an important exercise as New York City has an exclusive educational environment, and results from that city may not be generalizable to other settings and locations. For instance, unlike New York City, British Columbia has a wide variety of urban and rural schools over a very large geographic area

The Day My Life Changed Forever Essay Example for Free

The Day My Life Changed Forever Essay I believe it is a severe tragedy that children’s pastimes have changed drastically today from what they were years ago: from riding bikes, playing house, and having imaginary friends to texting, playing video games, and listening to mp3 players. When I was young, children learned to use imagination, self-entertain, and willingly respect their elders. I remember going across the street to play with the other neighborhood kids. I would impatiently wait for them to come out on Saturday morning, anticipating all the excitement we were going to have that day. I spent the whole day (until suppertime) outside playing ball, riding bikes, making mud pies, or conquering other planets that were actually just huge piles of dirt. Children today are lazier, more disrespectful, and more unsociable. My kids prefer to spend the day watching cartoons, playing video games, surfing the web, or listening to music. I try to encourage them to spend time outdoors and immediately the boredom whine begins or else they’re too hot/cold. â€Å"There’s nothing to do† is a common phrase that I hear when I say, â€Å"Go outside and play†. Many parents fear that their children are turning into geeks because of their preoccupation with gadgets, gizmos, and anything with a battery in it. They lament that children now lack social skills and that the real fun has been taken out of playtime as they spend hours glued to the computer (Selvarani, 2011). The increase in violence may play a role in parents keeping their children  indoors these days. Rape, murder, kidnaps, and pedophiles are concerns that parents face every day. Danger seems to be lurking around every corner; as a result, we’re terrified to let our children out of our sight. By keeping kids confined to a small enclosed area, are we really protecting them and keeping them safe or are we doing more harm to them? Child obesity has become a problem today because of the lack of movement by children. â€Å"8- to 18-year olds’ daily exposure to televisual media reaches 8 hours a day. As television viewing time has increased, time spent in other activities such as playing, reading, and family interaction has correspondingly decreased† (â€Å"Children†, 2008). Although experts seem to agree that â€Å"the shift to an indoor childhood has accelerated† (Cauchon, 2005), there is a vast difference in the explanation as to why this change has occurred. Whether it’s the change in the parent’s attitude, the increasing violence, or some other unknown phenomenon the change is still undeniable. It is true that pastimes today are geared to entertain just as they always have, but shouldn’t they also educate? If we turn off all the technology and take kids for a trip back in time, then perhaps we can manage to turn pint-sized zombies into active, well-rounded adults. REFERNCES Cauchon, D. (2005, July 12).Childhood pastimes are increasingly moving indoors. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2005-07-11-pastimes-childhood_x.htm Children, Impact of Television on. (2008). In Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, and Conflict. Retrieved from http://www.credoreference.com.ezp-01.lirn.net/entry.do?id=8445608 Selvarani, P.; Choe, T. C. (2011, August 21). Those cool games of yesteryear. New Straits Times. P. Main Section

Theories of Social Work in Practice

Theories of Social Work in Practice Social work as a practice was not defined as a profession until the early 20th century even in other countries there are different ideas as to what a social worker is; for example in some developing countries what in the United Kingdom as a youth worker is seen as a social worker. In England a probation officer does not need to be a qualified social worker whereas in Scotland it is necessary for the individual to be qualified. In Scotland social workers are registered with the Scottish Social Services Council (SSSC) and have to abide by their professional code of conduct, which is important as a national guideline due to social work being such a diverse area. It is important for social work to abide by these guidelines but also to use theories that are of relevance to inform their practice. Social work theory throughout the years has continued to be an important part of social work practice. The purpose of this assignment is to critically discuss and analyse the relevance to two of these theories into practice using the ODonnell family. The two theories this assignment will look at is the attachment theory, Eriksons eight stages of man and also to look at anti oppressive practice. It is important to look at these different types of theories as they are all important dynamics that are necessary for social workers to understand the society, individuals and politically and socially influenced world in which they have to work in. An example of a mid range theory is the theory of attachment, the first theory of attachment was written by John Bowlby; Bowlby believed that the attachment between mother and infant was important to the childs future development. Bowlby also believed in four characteristics of attachment: proximity management, safe haven, secure base and separation distress. If a child suffers separation from their primary carer (their mother) then this may manifest into social problems later in life however if the child has unpredictable contact with their mother then it will have insecure attachment. Bowlby later looked at attachment throughout different ages and stages of development, to understand how a person that losses or is separated from an individual they had developed an attachment with would be affected. It has been identified that attachment behaviour is inbuilt as it can be triggered if a child is scared or frightened. If a child feels loved and valued by their primary caregiver it is highly likely that the child will develop a good level of self-esteem and perhaps may be more confident and independent in later life due to a feeling of belonging and acceptance. However should a child feel they are rejected or neglected by their primary caregiver it is like they may feel unwanted and unlovable. The positive example of attachment would allow the child to develop a trusting bond which would not be the case with the negative attachment example. This relates to Eriksons eight stages of man; this is an infants stage of psychosocial development which has two paths a child can take depending on the care they receive trust versus mistrust is established. This theory of attachment was developed further by Mary Ainsworth in the 1970s in her study Strange Situations based on observing children aged twelve to eighteen months, she described three types of attachment that she discovered during her studies these were; secure, ambivalent and avoidant attachment. Secure attachment is seen as the most preferred and beneficial to a childs positive development; the care given by the primary caregiver would be attentive and provide a solid base for the child to progress emotionally, socially and intellectually. Ambivalent attachment tends to occur when the primary carer is unreliable and unstable this would be classed as emotional neglect which may leave the child unsure of their place within the family which may result in the child displaying distressing or anxious behaviour. Children who are victims of this type of behaviour may be very attention seeking in order to gain the focus of those around them that they do not get at home. A child howev er that is a victim of avoidant attachment would perhaps be less likely to show their true feelings or talk about them as they are afraid of those they are close to leaving them. The childs lack of emotional response would possibly be because the primary caregiver in these cases will perhaps show more care and attention when the child is content however if the child shows visible signs of distress or need they will pull away from them. In some cases children exposed to avoidant care givers may take drugs or alcohol to cope with their fear of rejection from others. This attachment theory was even further developed by Main and Solomon in the 1980s they outlined a further type of attachment called disorganised attachment or insecure attachment, a childs primary caregiver in this stage is confusing to the child. Children who are subject to these varying behaviours tend to fear the loss of that attention even though they are given the attention they require. A child who has been unable to have a secure attachment, for example through abuse, fostering or adoption, is more likely to have problems in future with their relationships with others or suffer emotionally. Attachment theory has been used in social work to work with children and families and has more recently become part of mental health practice. It is important to acknowledge in social work how a persons past in terms of the family unit they were brought up in and the level of care they received can affect them in the present; also how the individuals past experiences can affect their own children. However it is also important for social workers to look other theories as well to help inform their practice and not focus on a singular theory. This theory is also a past orientated theory as it looks at how the past effects the present. In relation to the ODonnell family Kate would appear to have been a victim of avoidant attachment due to being left by her mother and taken into care at an early age. Because of her past she may be fearful of her children rejecting her as her self esteem would have been affected due to being in and out of care homes. This difficulty in attaining meaningful attachments may also have contributed to her being a lone parent and Kate is repeating history with her own children as they are developing a meaningful attachment with her friend Frances. It is also significantly appropriate to examine how this is affecting Kates children and how this may manifest later if intervention is not made by social workers to bring a closer bond to the primary carer. A further mid range theory that was touched upon in a previous passage was established by a psychosocial psychologist by the name of Erik Erikson. Eriksons theory was loosely based around Freuds past works however it was developed into what is called Eriksons Eight Stages of Man. According to Erikson at certain ages throughout a persons life they will go down one of two developmental paths, however it is necessary for those using this theory that it is not simply one path or the other. Erikson acknowledged the fact that although a person should go down the The eight stages are Trust versus Mistrust, Autonomy versus Shame, Doubt, Initiative versus Guilt, Industry versus Inferiority, Identity versus Identity Confusion, Intimacy versus Isolation, Generativity versus Self-Absorption, and finally the last stage Integrity versus Despair. The first stage takes place in infancy this is when a child is most vulnerable as they rely entirely on their care givers; if the child comes to know that they can rely on their primary caregiver as the care giver is continuously there for them then they will develop to trust more than a child whom is ignored or has unreliable caregivers and develops mistrust. Each oof these stages has an impact on the next stage of development and therefore it is detrimental to producing a balanced human being that the child passes through with more positive experiences of emotional development than negative. In the second stage autonomy versus shame this takes place when a child is around the ages of one to four the third stage initiative versus guilt takes place between the ages of four and six, if a child has in stage four the child between the ages of six to twelve industry versus inferiority In stage five identity versus role confusion this takes place in adolescence generally between the ages of twelve and twenty; at this age an up and coming adult is most likely to be at the peak of peer pressure and will be discovering who they are both as a person and sexually. This can be a very hard time for individuals but with a good base they will be likely to find who they are with easae however it is possible that they will become confused for example the loss of a father figure for a boy may result in that person being unable to undersand why the Eriksons eight stages of man have been criticized due to the fact that it was based ona study of men, it can be seen as a rigid document and does not take into account individual factors. For example an individual whom has a severe learning disability and perhaps has been psychologically examined to be at a mental age of five will not suffer from the complexities of stage five although that may be their corresponding age with Erikson s chart. Although this criticism should be kept in mind, Eriksons stages of man can be a useful tool as a guideline for use in social work. Although Eriksons model may seem very black and white it is important to remember that during each stage of development in order to have a healthy perspective in life, it is important in each stage that the strongest is the positive from the scale, there must be some level of negative development; for example a little bit of mistrust is healthy as to trust naively would eventually result in a individual putting themselves in danger. Trust versus Mistrust takes place during infancy; the route in which the infants personality takes depends on the parent to provide those needs that the infant cannot satisfy itself. If the mother does not take care of her child through neglect the infant will not develop basic trust and will take a negative step on the psychosocial scale. Autonomy versus Shame, Doubt takes place during early childhood, starting in a childs second year of life, once again children are reliant on their parents to support them during this stage. This is when a toddler tries to become an individual. If the childs vulnerability does not get the necessary support from the care givers then they will develop a sense of shame and doubt. Initiative versus Guilt takes place also during childhood normally developing during the ages of four and five; this is where a child tries to establish their own boundaries as they try to establish their identity In stage four, Industry versus Inferiority, taking place up until puberty, this is when a child tries to be recognized for their achievements, for example at school for doing a project, however if they do not get this desired recognition and feeling of achievement then it can result on them developing a feeling of inferiority, inadequacy. Parents still play an important role in this stage however as it takes place primarily at school, teachers are important. Stage five, identity versus identity confusion takes place during adolescence this is when the individual try to find a sense of themselves, this Stage six, intimacy versus isolation is the first stage to take place during adulthood, intimacy with other human beings can only happen when identity is established. The intimacy can be with a friend or a lover it involves merging personalities with others. It is important for an individual to have this intimacy otherwise it can result in them being alone and withdrawn. Stage seven, Ge nerativity versus stagnation, this is the second stage an individual goes through in adulthood, people who are generative are productive, tolerant and able to care for others and themselves equally. It is not always expressed through parenthood sometimes it can be through being a teacher. Those who are unable to develop in this stage result in a feeling of being stuck as they are unable to care for other people properly. The eighth stage is integrity versus despair, this takes place during old age, an individual in this stage establishes integrity being satisfied with their life and believing it was important and had a purpose. The person who reflects on life positively, according to Erikson, have an acceptance of death. However, a person who reflects on their life, feeling full of regret of their past it is also shown through a report to researchers that those who were more feeble through their bodys degeneration felt as though they had little control (Geppert Halisch, 2001) and t herefore despair would occur as they were not as willing to accept death. (Cloninger, 2008). Eriksons theory of psychosocial development was based on clinical evidence there has been further research into this work specifically in the adolescent stage of identity versus identity confusion. This research was accomplished by James Marcia whom

Women in Islam Essay -- Islam

In my research paper, I will try to argue that the way that Muslim extremists treat women in Islam, couldn’t be further away than what the Islam preaches. Misinformation and misconception about Muslim women is the main reasons why so many Westerner’s have the picture of Islam, especially in America, associated it with bad images of oppressed women hiding in their hijab,, or walking behind their husbands. What does Islam say about women and their right’s. Do Islamic countries follow Islamic teaching when dealing with women’s issues? Beliefs about how Muslim women are treated and blame the religion instead of the culture from which they came from. I hope that instead of falling into the typical stereotypes and cultural innovation, the information here will inform you of the true religion of Islam and how women are supposed to be treated through the verbatim words of god from any human being. Islam is one of the fastest growing religions in the world. How ever, when people say, "Islam," most people think about terrorism and the tragedy of September 11th, but what is true Islam? How does this affect today's world? Islam may be the most misunderstood religion in the world, but after reading this, you’ll probably have a lot more in common with the religion that is so foreign to so many. A comprehensive demographic study of more than 200 countries finds that there are 1.57 billion Muslims of all ages living in the world today, representing 23 percent of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion. Islam is one of the fasted growing religions there is today. Many of those converts are woman who are attracted to the religion based on it’s treatment for women. Islam is growing about 2.9% per year which is faster than the t... ...to preserve it from any altering like what happened to the religious scriptures, so the community started with the oral tradition of memorizing and before the time of the prophets death, the Koran was compiled with his approval and it’s still preserved in the same way as it was revealed to us 1400 years ago. The holy book not only had been memorized by the prophet, but he was also tested every year from the same angel and he was to repeat every single word back to him for 23 years until he died. and that promise has been fulfilled in that , it’s been untouched The Koran contains guidance defining the role of women in Islam according to the Koran, which hasn’t been altered for the last 1400 years. The guidance within this holy book were given to prophet Muhammad, which was Islam's last and final messenger, over the span of twenty-three years from the angel Gabriel.

The Holocaust :: Nazi Germany History Adolph Hitler Essays

The Holocaust The Holocaust 1) Newsletter of the Blond Champion This was a newsletter written by a very anti-Semitic writer named Lanz. The newsletters were actually a series of pamphlets written over the course of three years. Hitler frequently bought the pamphlets, which described history as a constant battle between blond Aryan heroes, and dark, hairy ape-men. Lanz sometimes identified the ape-men as Jews, and he predicted that pogroms would soon come. He promoted the swastika as a sign of racial purity, and eventually raised a swastika flag over his castle. He may have been the main person who set an impression in Hitler’s mind that Jews are inferior, and a threat to society. Due to reading Lanz’s outlook on the Jews, Hitler concluded that diseased, filthy Jews would steal and abuse innocent young Aryan girls. 2) Protocols of the Elders of Zion This was a book brought to Germany and to Hitler by a Russian à ©migrà © named Alfred Rosenberg. It claimed to unveil the plans of a secret international Jewish conspiracy to take over the world. It was a pure piece of fiction, that was the new backbone for anti-Semites. Many anti-Semitic people commented on the Protocols. It was first brought to Germany in 1920, and by the end of 1920, there were already 120,000 copies sold! 3) Mein Kampf This is a book written by Adolf Hitler while he was in prison during 1923-24. In it, he portrays himself, at age 35, as a great intellectual and political figure. His single purpose was to write about his personal greatnesses, and about his plans to take over Germany so he can get rid of the Jews. He takes much credit in Mein Kampf, he doesn’t mention the fact that his parents, Lanz, and others influenced him a lot. He describes all of his ideas about the â€Å"Final Solution† to get rid of all the Jews in Germany, and then on to all the Jews in the World. He also talks about the perfect race of Aryans, blond, blue eyed, broad shouldered Germans, and about promoting the spread of anti-Semites all over the world. 4) Bolshevism This was a policy held by Bolsheviks, a party that brought violent revolution to Russia in 1918. Hitler saw that there were many Jews involved in Bolshevism, so he used that to prove his point that Jews were out to rule the world. 5) Nazism- Nazi This was a political party also known as the Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s party. It consisted of perfect German Aryans who had one goal in life- to wipe out all existence of Jews. Their anti-Semitic influential leader was Hitler. 6) Fichte Johann Gottlieb Fichte

The Failure of Journalism during the Civil War in El Salvador Essay

The Failure of Journalism during the Civil War in El Salvador The Civil War in El Salvador was an event that most individuals misunderstood. A twelve year conflict and a power struggle that claimed to keep communism out of El Salvador killed 75,000 people and the whole story still remains untold. The Civil War in El Salvador was a conflict that roughly started in 1980 and ended with the peace accords in 1992. These dates are rough because there were many conflicts before 1980 and even after the peace accords were signed in 1992 the â€Å"death squads [1] † were still active every now and again. With respect to United States involvement, the reason the United States was initially involved was to block communist rule from spreading to another country. In hope of preventing this â€Å"communist spread†, the U.S. trained and equipped the Salvadoran military to be very powerful and very dangerous. The reason the U.S. felt the military would stop communism is because leftist groups had begun to organize themselves around the gueri llas. Due to this separation of power in the war torn country, anyone who supported or even acknowledged the guerillas and the leftist side was given the harshest and most severe punishment, often death. Because of these harsh and hostile conditions the real story of the leftist side was often skewed. As the government in power began to oppress the people, leftist groups formed in opposition to the militant government oppression. When enough leftists had come together they formed what was known as the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (F.M.L.N.), which got a bad reputation from the beginning for having Marxist ideals (Stanley 2), hence the United States involvement to keep communism out of Central ... ... truth. [1] The term â€Å"death squad† is a term used for effect. The word itself leads to biases because of the very nature that the term implies. Terminology like this was just one instance that made reports biased. [2] This ignorance was an ignorance of the culture as well as the specific details of the war. It is not a requirement that reporters be proficient in the language of the country they are reporting in and so the vagueness of many reports can be somewhat attributed to this scenario. [3] Its seem interesting to note that the U.N. truth commission itself seemed to distinguish murders committed by the army and murders committed by the death squads when it is quite clear that the death squads were operating under close control of the army. [4] Ethnocentricity defined by dictionary.com is the â€Å"belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.†

Physics Archimedes Principle Lab Report

Measurement of Mass, Volume, and Density through Archimedes Principle Overview: The purpose of this experiment was to measure the density of a solid and a liquid using Archimedes principle. Archimedes is one of the greatest inventors and mathematicians of all time. The principle we used in this experiment was discovered when Archimedes stepped into a full bath tub. Using Archimedes principle, we were able to determine the density of a lead rod, water, and an unknown liquid.Physical Data: Name| MW (g/mol)| ? (g/cm3)| bp (? C)| mp (? C)| water| 18. 01 g/mol| 1 g/cm3| 100 ? C| 0 ? C| lead| 207. 2 g/mol| 11. 34 g/cm3| 1749? C| 327. 5? C| Equations: Spring ConstantF=-kxThe equation was used to calculate the spring constant of spring i. | Density? =massvolumeThis equation was used to calculate the density of an object. | Buoyant ForceB=? mg=? f VobjgThis equation was used to calculate the buoyant force of an object. | Experimental Procedure:ProcedureA: * Setup similar to the spring constan t lab * Use the same or a similar spring from the spring constant lab * Find the spring constant of the smallest spring used from previous lab if not already foundB: * Use the same metal rod from the Error of Propagation experiment and attach it to the bottom of the spring * Fully submerged the metal rod in a beaker of water * Record the displacement of the submerged object * Repeat several times making sure the object is fully submerged and steadyC: * Dry the object and then repeat part B with an unknown liquid| Observations * Used spring i.We worked with a different group so we used their spring with their known spring constant. * Used an iron rod, which is what the group we worked with used before. * Starting volume decreased after the first trial * Displacement in the unknown liquid was very similar to that of water| Data/Results: A: Spring constant: k=0. 023 N/m This was received from the group we worked with. B &C: Spring constant (spring i): 0. 023N/cm| Object| Mass (g)| Hang ing (cm)| Displacement in H2O (cm)| Displacement in unknown (cm)| Spring| Spring| 11. cm| 0| 0| Spring + 5g| 5| 15. 8| 15. 5| 16| Spring + 10g| 10| 17. 5| 17. 3| 17. 4| Spring +15g| 15| 19. 7| 19. 3| 19. 4| Spring +20g| 20| 21. 7| 21. 2| 21. 3| Spring +25g| 25| 24| 23. 2| 23. 3| Lead cylinder| 70. 71| 4| 38. 9| 39| Average| | 17. 11666667| 19. 34285714| 19. 48571429| Mass of lead in H2O (g):| 67. 2977| Volume of Pb (cm3):| 3. 422567703| Mass of lead in unknown (g):| 66. 1091| Density of unknown (g/cm3):| 1. 344283123| | | | Previously obtained volume lead (cm3):| 5. 455| Average density of Unknown (g/cm3):| 0. 843428048|Calculations: ? Mass of Lead Rodma=kx? m=(0. 023Nm)(0. 4)9. 8 m*s-1? m=9. 38Ãâ€"10-4 gThe mass of the lead rod was determined by using the spring constant formula. The spring constant of the spring was multiplied by the displacement, and then divided by gravity. | Volume of Lead RodB=? mg=? f VobjgVobj=? m? fVobj=9. 38Ãâ€"10-4 g1. 0 g/cm3Vobj=9. 38Ãâ€"10-4 gThe vo lume of the rod was found by dividing the mass of the zinc rob and the density of the fluid (water). | Density of UnknownB=? mg=? f Vobjg? f=? mVobj? f=7. 04Ãâ€"10-49. 38Ãâ€"10-4? f=0. 50gThe density of the unknown liquid was found by dividing the mass of zinc rob by the volume of the zinc rod. | Discussion: The objective of this experiment was to measure the density of a solid and an unknown liquid by using one of the oldest principles, Archimedes’ principle. For part A of the experiment, we were able to use the spring constant found from the previous lab, in order to help determine the change in mass and volume of an object, and the density of an unknown liquid. The spring constant that was found from the previous lab was 0. 23 N/m. In part B of the experiment, we were able to determine the change in mass of the lead rod from the air to the water and the volume of the lead rod. After conducting five trials, we were able to find the change in mass of the lead rod by using the spring constant formula of F=kx. After modifying the formula to solve for mass, we were able to find the change in mass for each trial by multiplying the spring constant and displacement of the lead rod in air versus water, then dividing by gravity. The average change in mass was found to be 9. 8X10-4g. Once we had found the mass of the lead rod, we were able to find calculate the volume of the lead rod by modifying the buoyancy force formula to solve for the volume of the object. Find that formula, we divided the mass of the lead rod by the density of water as shown in the table of literature. The average volume of the lead rod was found to be 3. 422 cm3. In part C of this experiment, we were able to determine the change in mass of the lead rod from air to an unknown liquid and the density of the unknown liquid.We used the same method in part B to calculate the change in mass of the lead rod. The average change in mass of the lead rod in the unknown liquid was found to be †¦ Since the volume of an object does not change when submerged in various liquids, we were able to use the average volume of the lead rod found in part B. then, we were able to find the density of the unknown liquid by dividing the mass of the lead rod by the volume of the lead rod. Average density of the unknown liquid was found to be 1. 44 g/cm3. Since the unknown liquid had an aroma of rubbing alcohol, we hypothesized that the unknown liquid was a mixture of rubbing alcohol and water. Using Archimedes principle, our hypothesis can be supported since the average density of the unknown liquid was 0. 843 g/mL. An alternative method for this experiment would be to set up the beaker so that the liquid level would be completely leveled, versus when a person lifts the beaker with an unleveled liquid level.A way a person could do this would be to place a book under the beaker with a leveled liquid level, so that the lead rod is equally and fully submerged in the liquid. Conclusion: The objective of this experiment was to determine the mass and volume of an object and the density of an unknown liquid using Archimedes Principle. For part A, we used the spring constant from the previous lab to help determine the mass of the lead rod in part B. The displacement of the lead rod from the air to the water was found in order to help determine the average mass of the lead rod.The average change in mass of the lead rod from air to water was 9. 38Ãâ€"10-4g. The average volume of the lead rod was 9. 38Ãâ€"10-7cm. In part C an unknown liquid was used. A similar method was used to determine the average change in mass of the lead rod in the unknown liquid, which was found to be 7. 04Ãâ€"10-4g. Since the volume of an object does not change in different liquids, the volume of the object found in part B was used in part C to help determine the density of the unknown liquid. The density of the unknown liquid was 0. 75g/mL.